Sexuality in Nepal

LGBT Pride Parade in Nepal

      In Nepal, the LGBT community fairs very differently then in western society. Nepal is a deeply rooted Patriarchal society. Patriarchal means a society or government that is controlled by men. Thus there is a powerful stigma  against females, but also sexual and gender minorities in general. They are perceived as a social "vikriti" or "a state of deterioration that can connote disease, degeneracy, deformation and malformation" 
      There has been a very long history of this powerful stigma against the LGBT community. This stigma is based on a lack of understanding and the strong Nepali views that the biological sex is the only natural sex. While Nepal's patriarchal society does not accept the diversity of the LGBT community, they may be tolerant of them. Currently in Nepal, issues such as the Caste System and Ethnic Identity politics are the most pressing matters, and subsequently LGBT rights is often put on the back burner.
    In Nepal 80% of the population is Hindu while 10% is Buddhist. Because these religions are built on acceptance and don't have any rules or scriptures against gender identity and sexual orientation, religion does not strongly contribute to discrimination. Thus it is social and societal norms that contribute the most heavily.
    Some young Nepalese LGBT drop out of school due to harassment and bullying from both the students and the teachers. There is a clear lack of LGBT friendly environments within the schools. Transgender students can be denied access to exams because of issues with uniforms and identification.
    In relation to Nepal, there are no Anti-discrimination laws to cover the employment sector, and many LGBT individuals report discrimination and sexual harassment within the workplace.
   It is important to remember that same-sex marriage is not legalized in Nepal, and was only decriminalized recently in the Supreme Court Verdict of 2007, suggested decriminalizing same sex marriage and which reaffirmed the notion that the LGBT community had the same rights as all Nepali citizens, and moved to put more anti-discriminatory laws in place. Unfortunately this verdict has not been implemented properly and even today there have not been any major efforts by the government to legalize same sex marriage. Today in Nepal, LGBT relationships are not recognized by law and couples cannot adopt children. Lesbian couples are also denied access to IVF and Transgender individuals have immense trouble legally changing their gender.
     The media has played a huge part in highlight LGBT issues in Nepal. They have actively reported on victories and challenges faced by the community. The media however is criticized for not reporting on the wide diversity of the LGBT community and for sometimes reporting inaccurately. As far as support for the LGBT community goes, there is a regular LGBT radio program that broadcasts information and advice about the health and right issues of sexual and gender minorities. Even the Nepali movie industry is beginning to produce films that depict same sex relationships.
    While the Nepali society is not accepting to LGBT communities as it could be, there are still much better off than LGBT in countries where being LGBT is criminalized. Currently there are 55 LGBT civil society organizations in Nepal. While these organizations are very weak, I suspect that as time goes on, the Nepali LGBT voice will become louder and their voices will be heard, and a change will be made.

Sources: http://digitalcollections.sit.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3115&context=isp_collection

https://www.usaid.gov/sites/default/files/documents/1861/Being_LGBT_in_Asia_Nepal_Country_Report.pdf